Introduction to Digital Electronics

Digital Electronics is the electronics of digital signals. Digital Electronics represents only two possible states. These states are represented by two different voltage levels, HIGH and LOW. The two states number system is called binary number system which has only two digits 0 and 1.

• In the general case, the no voltage (eg., 0v) represents 0 or LOW state and full voltage (eg., 5v) represents 1 or HIGH state.
• A binary digit is called a bit.

 

Signals: Analog versus Digital

• Analog signals process time-varying signals that can take on any across a continues range of voltages in electronic systems.
• Digital signals process time-varying signals that can take on only one of two discrete voltages in electronics.

-These discrete values are called 1 and 0 (TRUE or FALSE, ON, and OFF, HIGH and LOW, etc.).

Advantages of Digital signals over Analog:

• Reproducibility
• Ease of design
• Data protection
• Speed
• Economy
• Programmable
• Quality- Not affected by noise

Digital Waves

Digital waves are of two types Periodic and Non-periodic.

1. Periodic: Pulse wave that repeats itself at a fixed interval of time is called periodic signal.
2. NonPeriodic: Pulse wave that doesn’t have fixed interval of time is called NonPeriodic signal.

Digital Devices

1. Gates
2. Flip-Flops
3. PLDs
4. FPGAAs